Alvingham has a long history dating back to the Saxon era. The name "Alvingham" is believed to be of Old English origin, derived from "Aelfwine's homestead." During the medieval period, it was a small settlement with agricultural activities, like many villages in the region.

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The village is notable for its medieval church, St. Adelwold's Church, which dates back to the 12th century. This church is an important historical and architectural landmark in the area. The church is dedicated to Saint Adelwold, and its architecture reflects the Norman and Gothic styles. It has several historical features, including stained glass windows and decorative stonework.

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Like many villages in Lincolnshire, Alvingham was primarily an agricultural community throughout its history. The local economy relied on farming and livestock, with residents engaged in activities like farming, animal husbandry, and other rural occupations.

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In days gone by the village's life would have been centered around the church, and the community would have been closely-knit, as is often the case in small rural settlements. Social and economic activities were closely tied to the church and the agricultural calendar.

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Today, Alvingham continues to be a small, peaceful village with a focus on agriculture and rural life. The village's historical architecture, the watermill (privately owned) and St. Adelwold's Church, have been preserved, contributing to its unique charm and historical character. Much of village life is centred around Shaw's the village greengrocers and the community hall with social events held each week.